Question 1: What are the main aspects of mechanical manufacturing? The scope of mechanical manufacturing is very broad, including spacecraft, aircraft, warships, tanks, cannons, military enterprises, as well as mechanical equipment, vehicles, engineering machinery, electrical equipment, and many others. Any enterprise that processes raw materials into various parts and finished equipment through mechanical equipment belongs to the mechanical manufacturing industry. Question 2: What is mechanical manufacturing technology?
What content is included?
15 minutes of cutting heat; Cutting temperature; Smegma; Residual stress; Work hardening; Tool durability; Geometric accuracy; Thermal deformation; Processing error; Error sensitive direction; Design criteria; Process benchmark; Processing economic accuracy; Wear resistance of cutting tools; Heat hardening; Tool angle; X-r diagram; Size connection; Processing route; Process route; 1) Product design (2) Process design (3) Part processing 4) Inspection (5) Assembly and debugging (6) Complete warehousing The answer is (1) Product design is the core of enterprise product development, and product design must ensure technological advancement and economic rationality.
There are generally three forms of product design, namely: innovative design, improved design, and deformation design.
Innovative design (developmental design) is a brand new design that is designed according to the user’s usage requirements; Improvement design (adaptive design) is a design that improves or modifies the original products of an enterprise based on user requirements, that is, only redesigns partial structures or parts; Deformation design (parameter design) only improves some structural dimensions of the product to form a series of product designs.
The basic content of product design includes: preparing design task books, scheme design, technical design, and graphic design.
(2) The basic task of process design is to ensure that the produced products meet the design requirements, develop high-quality, high-yield, and low consumption product manufacturing process regulations, and formulate all the process documents required for product trial production and formal production.
This includes: process analysis and review of product drawings, formulation of processing plans, preparation of process regulations, as well as design and manufacturing of process equipment.
(3) The processing of parts includes the production of billets, as well as various mechanical processing, special processing, and heat treatment of billets to make them qualified parts.
A very small number of parts are processed using chip free methods such as precision casting or precision forging.
The production of rough blanks usually includes casting, forging, welding, etc; The commonly used mechanical processing methods include: fitter machining, turning machining, drilling machining, planing machining, milling machining, boring machining, grinding machining, CNC machine tool machining, broaching machining, grinding machining, honing machining, etc; The commonly used heat treatment methods include: normalizing, annealing, tempering, aging, tempering, quenching, etc; Special processing includes: electric discharge machining, electric discharge wire cutting machining, electrochemical machining, laser machining, ultrasonic machining, etc.
Only by selecting appropriate processing methods based on the material, structure, shape, size, and performance of the parts can the quality of the product be guaranteed and qualified parts be produced.
(4) Inspection and inspection is the use of measuring instruments to detect the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and positional accuracy of burrs, parts, finished products, raw materials, etc., as well as to identify product quality through visual inspection, non-destructive testing, mechanical performance testing, and metallographic inspection.
Measuring instruments include measuring tools and measuring instruments.
Commonly used quantities include steel straightedge, tape measure, vernier caliper, caliper, plug gauge, micrometer, angle gauge, dial gauge, etc., used to detect the length, thickness, angle, outer diameter, aperture, etc. of parts.
In addition, thread measurement can be done using thread micrometers, three needle measuring methods, thread templates, thread ring gauges, thread plug gauges, etc.
Commonly used measuring instruments include buoy type pneumatic measuring instrument, electronic measuring instrument, electric measuring instrument, optical measuring instrument, coordinate measuring instrument, etc. In addition to being used to detect the length, thickness, outer diameter, aperture and other dimensions of parts, it can also measure the shape error and position error of parts.
Special inspection mainly refers to the detection of defects inside and outside the parts.
Non destructive testing is a modern inspection technique that detects internal and external defects of parts without damaging the inspected object.
Non destructive testing methods include direct visual inspection, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, magnetic testing, etc. When using, appropriate methods and testing specifications should be selected based on the purpose of non-destructive testing.
(5) Assembly and debugging of any mechanical product is composed of several parts, components, and components.
The process of fitting and connecting parts and components according to prescribed technical requirements to become semi-finished or finished products is called assembly.
The process of assembling parts and components into components is called component assembly; The process of assembling parts, components, and components into the final product is called total assembly.
Assembly is the final production stage in the mechanical manufacturing process, which also includes adjustment, testing, inspection, painting, and packaging work.
Common assembly tasks include cleaning, connection, calibration and assembly, balancing, acceptance, and testing.
(6) Finished products, semi-finished products, and various materials produced by enterprises that are stored in warehouses to prevent loss or damage are called& Gt& Gt; Question 3: What should be included in the mechanical manufacturing process
What is a process?
Why do we need to divide the process?
In the production process, the process of changing the shape, size, position, and properties of the production object to become a finished or semi-finished product is called a process. Other processes are called auxiliary processes. The technological process can be further divided into: casting, forging, stamping, welding, mechanical processing, heat treatment, assembly and other technological processes.. The course “Fundamentals of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology” only studies the mechanical machining process and assembly process. Process refers to the sum of various production activities continuously completed by a worker (or a group of workers) on one (or several) labor objects in a workplace (such as a machine tool). It is the smallest unit that makes up the production process. Several processes form a process stage. Dividing processes: It is to control quality, improve work efficiency, and reduce costs. Question 4: What is the content of mechanical manufacturing technology?
Machinery technology is a science that studies the scientific theory and practice of mechanical manufacturing processes, explores and solves practical problems encountered in the process, and thus reveals general laws.
The process of mechanical manufacturing generally includes the machining process of parts and the assembly process of machines.
At present, mechanical manufacturing technology mainly includes three parts: mechanical processing technology (cold processing), mechanical assembly technology, and machine tool fixture design.
Detailed information includes the formulation of machining process regulations, principles of machine tool fixture design, machining accuracy, machining surface quality, typical part machining processes, fundamentals of machine assembly processes, fundamentals of mechanical design processes, modern manufacturing technology, and CNC machining processes.
Question 5: What are the parts of mechanical manufacturing technology quota? The two parts of labor quota and material quota refer to the total amount of work time, preparation time, rest time, and physiological time required to process a qualified product according to the product process under a certain technical state and production organization mode.
Time quota is the time required to complete a process, and it is an indicator of labor productivity.
According to the time quota, production operation plans can be arranged, cost accounting can be carried out, equipment quantity and personnel staffing can be determined, and production area can be planned.
Therefore, time quota is an important component of process regulations.
A reasonable time quota can stimulate the enthusiasm of workers and promote the improvement of their technical level.
Thereby continuously improving labor productivity.
With the continuous improvement of production technology conditions in enterprises, time quotas are regularly revised to maintain the average advanced level of quotas.
The time quota is usually determined by a combination of quota officers, process personnel, and workers, by summarizing past experience and referring to relevant technical information for direct estimation.
Alternatively, it can be calculated by comparing and analyzing the time quota of workpieces or processes of similar products, or determined by measuring and analyzing the actual operating time.
Material consumption quota refers to the quantity standard of materials, semi-finished products, accessories, water, electricity, fuel, etc. that a production unit needs to consume in order to produce qualified products under the conditions of saving and reasonable use of materials, including the amount of materials used, necessary industrial losses, and waste amount.
The formulation of material consumption quotas is mainly to use quotas as an economic lever to control and supervise material consumption, and achieve the goal of reducing material consumption and engineering costs.
Function: Material consumption quota is the basis for preparing material demand plans, transportation and supply plans, calculating warehouse area, issuing limit material requisition forms, and economic accounting.
Developing a reasonable material consumption quota is a necessary prerequisite for organizing the normal supply of materials, ensuring smooth production, and utilizing resources reasonably to reduce backlog and waste.
Question 6: What courses are available in the mechanical manufacturing major of universities? Mechanical Drawing, Computer Fundamentals, Computer Drawing (AutoCAD), Engineering Skills, Metal Materials and Heat Treatment, Fundamentals of Mechanical Design, Electrical Engineering and Industrial Electronics, Tolerance Fit and Technical Measurement, Metal Cutting Machine Tools, Fixture Design, Metal Cutting Principles and Tools, Mechanical Manufacturing Technology, CNC Processing Technology, CNC Principles and Programming, CAD/CAM Applications, Special Processing, Industrial Enterprise Management, Drawing and Mapping Computer Operation Training, AutoCAD Training, Metalworking Internship, Professional Course Design, Machining Training, CNC Machine Tool Operation Skills Training, Graduation Internship, Graduation Project (1) Basic Course 1. Two Courses (132 class hours) This course includes Marxist Philosophy, Introduction to * * * * Thought, * * * Theory and * * * Important Ideology, Legal Basic Knowledge, and Ideological and Moral Cultivation.
This course is a compulsory moral education course for students in higher vocational and technical colleges, mainly teaching the foundation of Marxist philosophy; Fully understanding * * * ideology is the first theoretical achievement of the Chinese * * people in their long-term struggle to combine the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities; Deeply understand the significance of * * * theory and important ideas, and master the theoretical discourse of * * * theory and important ideas; Enable students to understand the basic legal knowledge closely related to students in the Constitution, Administrative Law, Civil Law, Economic Law, Criminal Law, and Litigation Law; Provide education on situations, policies, life, ideals, morals, democracy, discipline, and other aspects that students are generally concerned about.
Establish a preliminary correct worldview, outlook on life, and values; To achieve knowledge and understanding of the law, enhance legal awareness, establish a legal concept, and improve the ability to distinguish right from wrong; Cultivate students’ excellent ideological qualities, ideals, and outlook on life, laying the foundation for future social practice and becoming a qualified vocational college student.
2. Sports and Health (108 class hours) This course comprehensively enhances students’ physical fitness and promotes their physical and mental health development through the teaching of basic sports theories and skills, as well as effective sports practice.
Make students love sports, master the basic methods of exercising, and cultivate the habit of physical exercise; Cultivate students’ brave and tenacious spirit, fair competition attitude, as well as optimistic, confident, and enterprising psychological qualities.
3. College Chinese (60 class hours) This course mainly teaches two parts. One part focuses on reading, selecting literary masterpieces recognized by ancient and modern Chinese and foreign scholars, and the other part focuses on writing, systematically introducing writing knowledge.
Enable students to learn how to appreciate literary masterpieces, master reading methods and skills, and improve their reading and writing abilities.
4. Advanced Mathematics (128 class hours) This course mainly teaches about limits and continuity, differential calculus of univariate functions, integrals, vector algebra and space analytic geometry, differential calculus of multivariate functions, double integrals, infinite series, ordinary differential equations, etc.
Through teaching, we aim to further enhance students’ mathematical literacy, cultivate their abilities in advanced mathematical operations, spatial imagination, numerical and geometric integration, thinking, and practical application, and lay a foundation for learning professional courses.
5. College English (128 class hours) This course is a foundational course.
The teaching focus is on cultivating students’ ability to apply foreign languages, while imparting necessary language knowledge.
Through teaching, provide language training for students in listening, speaking, reading, and writing; To cultivate students’ strong ability to read foreign language technical materials related to their major, their listening and speaking abilities, and their basic ability to write foreign language letters and other applied texts, laying a solid foundation for further improving their foreign language proficiency.
6. Fundamentals of Computer Applications (60 class hours) mainly teach the basic knowledge of computers, the use of commonly used operating systems, the use of word processing software, and the basic operation and use of computer networks. Master the basic skills of computer operations, possess text processing ability, data processing ability, information acquisition, organization, and processing ability, and online interaction ability, laying a foundation for future learning and work.
（2） Professional Course 7. Mechanical Drawing and CAD (194 class hours, 1 week of mechanical surveying, 1 week of CAD practical training) This course is a technical foundation course.
Mainly teaching projection drawing and mechanical drawing, so that students can master the basic principles and methods of correct orthographic projection method, and become familiar with the national standards of mechanical drawing.
To cultivate students with certain graphic and reading abilities, as well as the ability to imagine spatial shapes, students are required to be proficient in drawing mechanical part working drawings and component assembly drawings of a certain degree of complexity, and be able to correctly mark dimensions, tolerances, fits, and surface roughness according to given requirements.
Proficient in using computer graphics and mastering the application of a computer-aided drawing software.
8. Engineering Mechanics (90 class hours) mainly teaches statics, kinematics, dynamics, and material mechanics.
Static force& Gt& Gt; Question 7: What are the basic courses for studying mechanical manufacturing and its automation: advanced mathematics, linear algebra, Marxism, * * * thinking, * * * * theoretical main disciplines: theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, mechanical engineering, and electronic technology.
Main courses: Mechanical Design, Mechanical Principles, Mechanical Drawing, Interchangeability and Measurement Technology, Pneumatic and Hydraulic Transmission, CNC Technology, Engineering Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering Measurement and Testing Technology, Electrical and Electronic Technology, Principles and Applications of Microcomputers, Mechanical Engineering Materials, and Fundamentals of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology.
The main practical teaching activities include military training, metalworking, electrician, electronics internship, cognitive internship, production internship, social practice, course design, graduation project (thesis), etc. Generally, more than 40 weeks should be arranged.
The discipline of Mechanical Manufacturing (Mechanical Manufacturing and Automation) is one of the first batch of master’s degree authorization points, doctoral degree authorization points, and postdoctoral mobile stations in China.
In 1987, it was approved by the former National Education Commission as a national key discipline.
The School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, where the discipline is located, is a national talent training base for manufacturing industry. It is one of the first batch of authorized doctoral programs in first level disciplines and has undertaken national “863” plan projects, “Climbing Plan projects,” and “211 Project” key discipline construction projects.
After years of construction, a strong academic echelon has been formed in six research directions, with well-known domestic professors as academic leaders and middle-aged and young backbone as the main body. Multiple research results with leading domestic levels have been achieved, which holds an important position in the domestic academic community and cultivates a group of high-level talents, playing a significant role in promoting the national economy.
Question 8: There are several types of mechanical manufacturing production, which can generally be divided into three types: single piece production, mass production, and large-scale production. They can also be divided into incoming material processing, OEM, ODM, and whole machine manufacturing. Question 9: What parts make up the mechanical manufacturing equipment? The production capacity and level of mechanical manufacturing mainly depend on the advanced level of mechanical manufacturing equipment.
Mechanical manufacturing equipment consists of four major parts, as follows: 1) Processing equipment mainly refers to metal processing machine tools, whose processing methods include forging, casting, cutting, connecting, and other methods.
Therefore, metal processing machine tools can be divided into several categories: forging machine tools, casting machine tools, cutting machine tools, connecting machine tools, etc.
Cutting machines include cutting machines, cutting machines, removal machines, etc. 2) Process equipment Process equipment usually refers to the general term (referred to as tooling) used in mechanical manufacturing, including cutting tools, molds, machine tool fixtures, measuring tools, tools, etc.
Mechanical manufacturing itself cannot do without the application of process equipment.
The level of process equipment directly reflects the strength of a factory’s technical capabilities.
3) Workpiece conveying equipment mainly refers to the transfer and conveying device of raw materials, semi-finished products or finished products between work locations in the workshop, as well as the loading and unloading devices of machine tools.
4) Auxiliary equipment includes cleaning agents, chip removal devices, and measuring devices.
